Diverticulosis occurs when small defects in the muscle of the wall of the large intestine or colon allow small pockets or pouches (diverticula) to form.

Diverticulitis is infection or inflammation of these abnormal pouches. Together, these conditions are called diverticular disease.

Despite having some symptoms in common, diverticular disease isn’t associated with more serious conditions, such as bowel cancer.

Diverticulitis is often a medical emergency, requiring immediate medical attention and, frequently, admission to hospital. Mild attacks can be treated at home but should always be assessed promptly.

Diverticula, small pouches in the colonic (large intestinal) wall arise when the inner layers of the colon push through weaknesses in the outer muscular layers.

Diverticulitis arises when diverticula become inflamed or infected.

Notably, diverticulosis can occur anywhere in the colon, but it is most common in the descending or sigmoid colon (left colon).

The cause of diverticulosis is unclear, but it has been associated with increased pressure from constipation or increasing abdominal girth in obesity. The classic high-fat, artificial, nonorganic and low-fiber diet may be a major contributor to the development of diverticulosis. The low-fiber diet is thought to predispose to diverticulosis owing to a slower fecal transit time and smaller stool weight.

Diverticular disease can be asymptomatic (diverticulosis) or involve acute or chronic, symptomatic inflammation of these pouches (diverticulitis). Although diverticulitis has been generally considered a disease of older adults, as many as 20% of patients with diverticulitis are younger than 50 years. In its chronic form, patients may have recurrent bouts of low-grade or overt diverticulitis.

Signs and symptoms of diverticulitis

The clinical presentation of diverticulitis depends on the location of the affected diverticulum, the severity of the inflammatory process, and the presence of complications. The usual initial symptoms are as follows:

• Abdominal pain (most commonly in the left lower quadrant)
• Nausea and/or vomiting
• Constipation or obstipation
• Flatulence.
• Bloating.
• Fever.

On physical examination

Localized abdominal tenderness. Abdominal distention. Tympanic abdomen to percussion. A tender mass (abscess formation). Hypo- or hyperactive bowel sounds, or absent bowel sounds if there is perforation. Generalized abdominal pain with rebound and guarding (perforation).

Urinary tract findings (Colo vesicular/Colo vaginal fistula) include suprapubic, flank, costovertebral tenderness; pneumaturia (air in urine); fecal Uria (stool in urine); purulent vaginal discharge.

Staging

Clinical staging by Hinchey’s classification is based on computed tomography findings and directed toward selection of the proper surgical procedure when diverticulitis is complicated, as follows:

• Stage I disease: Phlegmon or localized pericolic or mesenteric abscess.
• Stage II disease: Walled-off pelvic, intra-abdominal, or retroperitoneal abscess.
• Stage III disease: Perforated diverticulitis causing generalized purulent peritonitis.
• Stage IV disease: Rupture of diverticula into the peritoneal cavity, with fecal contamination causing generalized fecal peritonitis

Table. Modified Hinchey Classification Stage and Diverticulitis Category

Diagnosis of diverticulitis

The diagnosis of acute diverticulitis can usually be made on the basis of the history and physical examination findings, laboratory tests are helpful when the diagnosis is in question, for example:

• WBC or the white blood cell count (show leukocytosis and a left shift, but it may be normal in immunocompromised, elderly, or less severely ill patients).
• A hemoglobin level is important in patients who report hematochezia.
• Electrolyte assays (may be helpful in case of vomiting or has diarrhea).
• Assess renal function prior to the administration of most intravenous contrast material.
• Liver enzyme and lipase levels may help to exclude other causes of abdominal pain.

Urinalysis may reveal red or white blood cells in patients with a Colo vesicular fistula or with diverticulitis adjacent to the ureters or the bladder.

Obtain blood cultures prior to the administration of empiric parenteral antimicrobial therapy in patients who are severely ill or in those with complicated disease.

A urine culture may distinguish sterile pyuria due to inflammation from polymicrobial infection due to a fistula.

Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the abdomen is considered the best imaging method to confirm the diagnosis. Sensitivity and specificity, especially with helical CT and colonic contrast medium, can be as high as 97%. Possible CT scan findings include the following:

• Pericolic fat stranding due to inflammation.
• Colonic diverticula.
• Bowel wall thickening.
• Soft-tissue inflammatory masses.
• Phlegm.
• Abscesses.

Other tests and procedures are as follows:

Contrast enema, using water-soluble medium, may be an option in mild-to-moderate uncomplicated cases of diverticulitis. A plain abdominal radiographic series with supine and upright films can demonstrate bowel obstruction or ileus; the presence of free air can indicate bowel perforation.

Allopathic treatment for diverticular disease

In allopathic practice the management of patients with diverticulitis depends on their presentation severity, presence of complications, and comorbid conditions.

Uncomplicated diverticulitis can be managed medicinally and in an ambulatory setting. Complicated disease requires a more aggressive approach that can often require urgent or elective surgery, and treatments that are specific to the complication itself (i.e. abscess drainage).

The modified Hinchey classification is based on CT scan findings and is used to categorize diverticulitis, as well as help to guide appropriate interventions.

Antibiotics have been the mainstay of allopathic therapy for most patients with acute diverticulitis, but more recently, their necessity has been questioned, especially in mild, uncomplicated disease.

Outpatient treatment of diverticulitis

Patients with clinically mild diverticulitis, typically with Hinchey stage 0 and Ia disease, are considered uncomplicated and can be treated with the following outpatient regimen:

Clear liquid diet for 2-3 days; advancement to low fiber as tolerated. 7-10 days of oral (PO) broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy on a case-by case basis. Acetaminophen and antispasmodics for pain.

The effectiveness of single or multiple-agent antibiotic regimens for outpatient therapy are essentially the same when they provide both anaerobic and aerobic coverage.

Potential regimens include the following

Ciprofloxacin plus metronidazole. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole plus metronidazole. Amoxicillin-clavulanate. Moxifloxacin (for patients’ intolerant of both metronidazole and beta-lactam agents).

Indications for hospital admission include the following

1. Evidence of severe diverticulitis (i.e. systemic signs of infection or peritonitis).
2. Inability to tolerate oral hydration.
3. Failure of outpatient therapy (i.e. persistent or increasing fever, pain, or leukocytosis after 2-3 days).
4. Immune-compromise or significant comorbidities.
5. Pain severe enough to require parenteral narcotic analgesia.

Inpatient treatment of diverticulitis

Patients with complicated diverticular disease fall under Modified Hinchey stage Ib II, III and IV. Individuals in Modified Hinchey stage Ib may require hospitalization and the following treatment regimen:

• Clear liquid diet: advancement to low fiber as tolerated.
• Intravenous (IV) or per oral (PO) antibiotics.
• Elective surgical resection.
• Abscess >4 cm: Drain percutaneously.
• Abscess < 3 cm: Antibiotics.

Modified Hinchey stages II-IV require hospitalization, nothing by mouth, IV antibiotics, and percutaneous abscess drainage; surgical consultation and elective procedure for patients in stage II, and urgent surgical evaluation and resection for those in stage III and IV.

Monotherapy with beta-lactamase-inhibiting antibiotics or carbapenems is appropriate for patients who are moderately ill and require admission. Such antibiotics include piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, or ertapenem

Monotherapy in severely ill patients, especially those who are immunocompromised includes meropenem, imipenem-cilastatin, piperacillin-tazobactam, or doripenem.

Multiple-drug regimens may consist of metronidazole and a third-generation cephalosporin or a fluoroquinolone, such as ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, or levofloxacin. Multiple-drug regimens include cefepime plus metronidazole, as well as ceftazime plus metronidazole.

Pain management considerations are as follows

• Morphine is preferred, despite theoretical risk of affecting bowel tone and sphincters.
• Meperidine is associated with adverse effects.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids have been associated with a greater risk of colonic perforation.

Acetaminophen and antispasmodics such as dicyclomine are first-line agents for managing pain and cramping in mild to moderate disease.

Surgery

Classic surgical indications include some features characteristic of Hinchey stage III or IV disease, such as the following:

• Free-air perforation with fecal peritonitis.
• Suppurative peritonitis secondary to a ruptured abscess.
• Uncontrolled sepsis.
• Abdominal or pelvic abscess (unless CT scan-guided aspiration is possible).
• Fistula
• Intestinal obstruction.
• Failing medical therapy
• Immunocompromised status.

Homeopathic treatment for diverticular disease

In Homeopathic practice the management of patients with diverticulitis also depends on their presentation severity, presence of complications, and comorbid conditions, but there is no window for complicated cases of any surgeries or admitting in intensive cere. Sever cases requires a more repetitive and higher doses that can often help and treat the complication.

Here are very few of Homeopathic medicines for diverticulosis:

Bryonia Alba

Acts on all serous membranes and the viscera they contain. Aching in every muscle. The general character of the pain here produced is a stitching, tearing, worse by motion, better rest. Mucous membranes are all dry. Dry, parched lips, mouth; excessive thirst, bitter taste, sensitive epigastrium, and feeling of a stone in the stomach; stools large, dry, hard.

Nausea and faintness when rising up. Vomiting of bile and water immediately after eating. Stomach sensitive to touch. Intestinal infections, sepsis and inflammation. Liver swollen, sore, tensive. Burning pain, stitches; worse, pressure, coughing, breathing. Tenderness of abdominal walls. Constipation: stools hard, dry, as if burnt; seem too large. Stools brown, thick, bloody.

Nux Vomica

Bruised soreness of abdominal walls. Flatulent distension, with spasmodic colic. Liver engorged, with stitches and soreness. Colic, with upward pressure, causing short breath, and desire for stool. Weakness of abdominal ring region. Strangulated hernia. Forcing in lower abdomen towards genitals. Sour taste, and nausea. Sour, bitter eructation. Nausea and vomiting, with much retching. Weight and pain in stomach. Flatulence and pyrosis. Region of stomach very sensitive to pressure. Epigastrium bloated, with pressure. Dyspepsia from drinking coffee. Difficult belching of gas. Wants to vomit but cannot.

Constipation, with frequent ineffectual urging, incomplete and unsatisfactory. Constriction of rectum. Irregular, peristaltic action; hence frequent ineffectual desire, or passing but small quantities at each attempt.  Alternate constipation and diarrhea-after abuse of allopathic purgatives. Itching, blind hemorrhoids, with ineffectual urging to stool; very painful; after drastic allopathic drugs. Scanty stool, with much urging. Dysentery: stools relieve pains for a time. Constant uneasiness in rectum. Diarrhea, with jaundice

Absence of all desire for defecation is a contra-indication for Nux Vomica.

Echinacea Angustifolia

It’s called “corrector of blood dyscrasia”. Acute autoinfection. Symptoms of blood poisoning, septic conditions generally. Diarrhea in typhoid. Gonorrhea. Boils. Erysipelas and foul ulcers. Gangrene. Last stages of cancer to ease pain. Venom infection. Cerebro-spinal meningitis. Puerperal infections. Piles. Pustules. Lymphatic inflammation; crushing injuries. Snake bites and bites and stings generally. Foul discharges with emaciation and great debility. Cold flashes all over back. Malarial fever.

Acts on vermiform appendix thus has been used for appendicitis, but remember it promotes suppuration and a neglected appendicitis with pus formation would probably rupture sooner under its use.

Carbo Vegetabilis

Eructation, heaviness, fullness, and sleepiness; tense from flatulence, crampy or contractive pains. Nausea in the morning. Burning in stomach, extending to back and along spine. Distention of abdomen. Faint gone feeling in stomach. Distress comes on a half-hour after eating. Sensitiveness of epigastric region. Digestion slow; food putrefies before it digests. Excessive flatulence, sour, rancid belching.

Abdominal pain, colic, excessive discharge of fetid flatus. Even clothing around waist and abdomen causes discomforts. Intestinal fistulas. Abdomen greatly distended. Flatulent colic. Pain in liver.

Itching, gnawing and burning in rectum. Acrid, corrosive moisture from rectum. A musty, glutinous moisture exudes. Soreness, itching moisture of perineum at night. Discharge of blood from rectum. Burning at anus, burning varices. Painful diarrhea of old age. Frequent, involuntary cadaverous-smelling stools, followed by burning. White hemorrhoids; excoriation of anus. Bluish, burning piles, pain after stool.

Lachesis Mutus

A good antibiotic and antiseptic for initial stages if infections, sepsis etc. Pit of stomach painful to touch. Perceptible trembling movement in the epigastric region. Empty swallowing more painful than swallowing solids. Liver region sensitive, cannot bear anything around waist. Abdomen tympanitic, sensitive, painful.

Constipated, offensive stool. Anus feels tight, as if nothing could go through it. Pain darting in rectum. Hemorrhage from bowels like charred straw, black particles. Hemorrhoids protrude, become constricted, purplish. Stitches in them on sneezing or coughing. Constant urging in rectum, not for stool.

Baptisia Tinctoria

a good antibiotic and antiseptic. Low fevers, septic conditions of the blood, malarial poisoning and extreme prostration. Indescribable sick feeling. Great muscular soreness and putrid phenomena always are present. All the secretions are offensive-breath, stool, urine, sweat, etc.

Can swallow only liquids – spasm of esophagus. Gastric fever. No appetite. Constant desire for water. Sinking feeling at stomach. Pain in epigastric region. Feeling of hard substance. Cardiac orifice contracted convulsively and ulcerative inflammation of stomach and bowels.

Abdomen distended and rumbling. Soreness over region of gallbladder, with diarrhea. Stools very offensive, thin, dark, bloody. Soreness of abdomen, in region of liver. Dysentery of old age.

Sepia Officianalis

Feeling of goneness; not relieved by eating. Tobacco dyspepsia. Everything tastes too salty. Band of pain about four inches wide encircling hypochondria. Morning nausea. Disposition to vomit after eating. Burning in pit of stomach. Acid dyspepsia with bloated abdomen. Flatulence, with headache. Liver sore and painful. Many brown spots on abdomen. Feeling of relaxation and bearing down in abdomen.

Bleeding at stool and fullness of rectum. Constipation; large, hard stools; feeling of a ball in rectum, cannot strain; with great tenesmus and pains shooting upward. Dark-brown, round balls glued together with mucus. Soft stool, difficult. Prolapsus ani. Almost constant oozing from anus. Infantile diarrhea, worse from boiled milk, and rapid exhaustion. Pains shoot up in rectum and vagina.

Silica Tera

Sour eructation after eating. Pit of stomach painful to pressure. Pain or painful cold feeling in abdomen. Hard, bloated. Colic; cutting pain, with constipation; yellow hands and blue nails. Much rumbling in bowels. Inguinal glands swollen and painful. Hepatic abscess.

Rectum feels paralyzed. Anal fistula. Fissures and hemorrhoids, painful, with spasm of sphincter. Stool comes down with difficulty; when partly expelled, recedes again. Great straining; rectum stings; closes upon stool. Feces remain a long time in rectum. Constipation always before and during menses; with irritable sphincter ani. Diarrhea of cadaverous odor.

Calcarea Carbonica

Craving for indigestible things-chalk, coal, pencils, eggs, salt and sweets etc. Frequent sour eructation; sour vomiting. Cramps in stomach. Swelling over pit of stomach. Pain in epigastric region to touch. Thirst; longing for cold drinks. Aggravation while eating. Hyperchlorhydria.

Abdomen: Sensitive to slightest pressure. Liver region painful when stooping. Cutting in abdomen; swollen abdomen. Incarcerated flatulence. Inguinal and mesenteric glands swollen and painful. Cannot bear tight clothing around the waist. Distention with hardness. Gall-stone colic. Increase of fat in abdomen. Umbilical hernia. Trembling; weakness, as if sprained. Children are late in learning to walk.

Stool: Crawling and constriction in rectum. Stool large and hard (Bry); whitish, watery, sour. Prolapse ani, and burning, stinging hemorrhoids. Diarrhea of undigested, food, fetid, with ravenous appetite. Children’s diarrhea. Constipation; stool at first hard, then pasty, then liquid.

Malaria Officianalis

Saliva more profuse than usual. Bitter taste, parched mouth; tongue white. Unusually hearty appetite. Easy belching, several times, no taste. Nausea. Sense of heat in abdomen. Tired feeling through abdomen and chest. Splenic pain. Pain in abdomen. Uneasiness in lower abdomen. Liver, spleen, and kidneys affected. Diarrhea in morning, stools thin, yellow, foul.

Sulpher

Complete loss of, or excessive appetite. Putrid eructation. Food tastes too salty. Drinks much, eats little. Burning, painful, weight-like pressure in abdomen. Very weak and faint. Nausea. Abdomen very sensitive to pressure; internal feeling of rawness and soreness. Movements as of something alive (Croc; Thuj). Pain and soreness over liver. Colic after drinking. Itching and burning of anus; piles dependent upon abdominal plethora. Frequent, unsuccessful desire; hard, knotty, insufficient. Child afraid on account of pain. Redness around the anus, with itching. Morning diarrhea, painless, drives out of bed, with prolapsus recti. Hemorrhoids, oozing and belching.

Septicaeminum

Nosode of Septicaemia – attenuations made from contents of a septic abscess.

Severe diarrhea. Dysentery. Typhoid fever. Typhoid fever. Dysenteric stool. Jelly-like stools. Musty odor. Distention. Colic. Peritonitis.

Myristica Sebifera

A good antiseptic, antibiotic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Inflammations of skin, cellular tissue and periosteum. Traumatic infections. Parotitis. Carbuncles. Specific action in panaritium (whitlow – nail infection). Coppery taste and burning in throat. Tongue white and cracked. Phlegmonous inflammations. Inflammations and infections of intestines; Hastens suppuration and shortens infection’s duration, often does away with use of the knife. Inflammation of middle ear, suppurative stage. Anal Fistula. Sensation as if a foreign body had lodged in inguinal region. Stools mixed with yellow mucus.

Pyrogenium

Tongue red and dry, clean, cracked, smooth, as though varnished. Throat dry, articulation difficult. Nausea and vomiting. Taste terribly fetid. Breath horrible. Coffee-grounds vomiting. Vomits even water, when it becomes warm in stomach. Abdominal intolerable tenesmus o both bladder and rectum. Bloated, sore, cutting pain. Diarrhea; horribly offensive, brown-black, painless, involuntary. Constipation, with complete inertia; obstinate from impaction. Stools large, black, carrion-like, or small black balls.

Colocynthis

Agonizing cutting pain in abdomen causing patient to end over double and pressing on the abdomen. Pain in small spot below navel, worse, gentle touch. Contraction of the muscles. Dysenteric stool. Jelly-like stools. Musty odor. Distention. Colic. Peritonitis. Tumors. Acts like a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Nux Moschata

A best antibiotic and anti-inflammatory medicine. Marked tendency to fainting fits, with heart failure. Cold extremities, extreme dryness of mucous membranes and skin. General inclination to become unconscious during acute attacks. Lypothymia. Inflammation of skin, cellular tissue and periosteum. Traumatic infections. Parotitis. Fistulas. Carbuncles. Specific action in panaritium (whitlow – infection and inflammation in nails).

Coppery taste and burning in throat. Tongue white and cracked. Phlegmonous inflammations. Hastens suppuration and shortens its duration. Anal fistula. Mouth very dry, tongue adheres to roof of mouth, but no desire for water. Saliva like cotton. Tongue numbs, paralyzed. Dryness of throat. Stomach excessively bloated. Flatulent dyspepsia. Hiccough and craving for highly seasoned food. Retrocession of gout to stomach. Paralytic weakness of intestines. Enormously distended. Stool is soft, and yet is unable to expel it, even with long straining. Faintness during or after stool. Protruding piles.

Heper Sulphuricum

Abscess. Constipation. Diaphragmitis. Hemorrhoids. Shooting abdominal pains. Rectal hemorrhages. Hepatitis, hepatic abscess; abdomen distended, tense; chronic abdominal affections. Stool clay-colored and soft. Sour, white, undigested, fetid. Loss of power to expel even a soft stool.

Bryonia Alba

Nausea and faintness. Vomiting of bile and water immediately after eating. Abdomen sensitive to touch, sensitiveness of epigastrium to touch. Liver region swollen, sore, tensive. Burning, incisive or stitching pain, stitches; worse, pressure, coughing, breathing. Tenderness of abdominal walls. Constipation; stools hard, dry, as if burnt; seem too large. Stools brown, thick, bloody. Hard swelling round the navel.

Hydrastis Canadensis

Acts especially on mucous membranes, relaxing them and producing a thick, yellowish, ropy secretion, weak muscular power. Weak digestion. Bitter taste. Pulsation in epigastrium. Atonic dyspepsia. Ulcers and cancer. Gastritis. Gastro-duodenal catarrh. Liver torpid, tender. Jaundice. Gallstones. Dull dragging in right groin with cutting sensation into right testicle.

Back – Dull, heavy, dragging pain and stiffness, particularly across lumbar region, must use arms in raising himself from seat. Rectal prolapses, anus fissured. Constipation. During stool, smarting pain in rectum, after stool, long-lasting pain. Hemorrhoids; even a light flow exhaust. Contraction and spasm.

Arnica Montana

Abscess. Apoplexy. Back pains. Suppuration. Bloody vomiting. Shooting pain in splenic, umbilical region and/or liver region. Strangulation. Stool with mucus. Tympanites.

Aloe Socotrina

Tension, stitching pain in the region of the liver. Uneasiness, flashes, pulsation, rumbling, heat, pressure in liver region. Congestion to the abdomen. Sensation of fulness, heaviness, heat and inflammation. The whole abdomen is painfully sensitive to the touch. Bloated abdomen, more on the left side, or along the colon, worse after eating. Distension of the abdomen with flatus moving about. Discharge of much flatulency, burning, smelling offensive, relieving the pain in the abdomen. Much soreness and cutting pains in the whole abdominal cavity, so that a false step hurt clear to the pit of the stomach. Heaviness, fulness, and pressing down in the pelvis.

Sudden or continued urging to stool. The hard stool falls without being noticed. Involuntary soft stool, while passing wind, with the diarrhea, flatulency, pinching in the abdomen, pain in the back and rectum, and chilliness. Stools like mush; thin, bright, yellow, grey, hot, undigested. Frequent stools of bloody water: violent tenesmus; fainting; passing of mucus in jelly-like lumps, much flatus. Itching, burning, pulsations, pain as from fissures, at the anus. Hemorrhoidal tumors, protrude like bunches of grapes, very painful, sore, tender, hot, relieved by cold water.

Megnesia Phosphoricum

Constant nausea. Bilious vomiting, at times streaked with blood. Cancer of stomach; intolerable burning pain; vomiting; hiccough. Intense cutting, shooting, cramping pains in region of stomach and epigastrium, on border of lower ribs. Sudden diarrhea; stools frequent; at first thick, dark brown, mushy; then lighter; almost white and watery; finally mixed with blood.

Gelsemium

Thirst. Increased appetite, easily satisfied with small quantities of food. Nausea with giddiness and headache. Gnawing pain in the transverse colon. Sudden spasmodic pains in upper part of abdomen, sensation of contraction and soreness in abdominal walls. Tenderness in iliac region. Typhus. Rumbling in abdomen with discharge of wind above and below. Periodic colic with diarrhea with yellow discharges. The soft stool is passed with difficulty as if the sphincter ani resisted the passage by contraction. Paralysis of the sphincter ani, with disposition to prolapsus ani. Stools loose, dark yellow, bilious; cream-colored; clay-colored; green. Diarrhea with intermittent fever.

Arsenicum Album

Nausea, retching, vomiting, after eating or drinking. Anxiety in pit of stomach. Long-lasting eructation. Vomiting of blood, bile, green mucus, or brown-black mixed with blood. Stomach extremely irritable. Liver and spleen enlarged and painful. Ascites and anasarca. Abdomen swollen and painful. Pain as from a wound in abdomen on coughing.

Painful, spasmodic protrusion of rectum. Tenesmus. Burning pain and pressure in rectum and anus. Stool small, offensive, dark, with much prostration. Body cold as ice. Hemorrhoids burn like fire; relieved by heat.

China officianalis

Tender, cold. Vomiting of undigested food. Slow digestion. Flatulent colic; better bending double. Tympanitic abdomen. Pain in right hypochondrium. Gall-stone colic. Liver and spleen swollen and enlarged. Jaundice. Internal coldness of stomach and abdomen. Gastro-duodenal catarrh. Stool – undigested, frothy, yellow; painless, difficult even when soft.

Rhus Toxicodendron

Unquenchable thirst. Bitter taste. Nausea, vertigo, and bloated abdomen after eating. Violent pains, relieved by lying on abdomen. Swelling of inguinal glands. Pain in region of ascending colon. Colic, compelling to walk bent. Rumbling of flatus on first rising but disappears with continued motion. Bloody diarrhea of blood with slime and reddish mucus, with tearing pains down thighs. Frothy, painless stools.

Prognosis

The prognosis in patients with diverticulitis depends on the severity of the illness, the presence of complications, the presence of any coexisting medical problems and most important type of treatment.

Younger patients with diverticulitis may have more severe disease, possibly due to a delay in the diagnosis and treatment. Immunosuppressed patients have significantly higher morbidity and mortality due to sigmoid diverticulitis.

P. S: This article is only for doctors having good knowledge about Homeopathy and allopathy, for learning purpose(s).

For proper consultation and treatment, please visit our clinic.

None of above-mentioned medicine(s) is/are the full/complete treatment but just hints for treatment; every patient has his/her own constitutional medicine.

Gastroenterologist, Specialist Homeopathic Medicines.

  Senior research officer at Dnepropetrovsk state medical academy Ukraine.

Location:  Al-Haytham clinic, Umer Farooq Chowk Risalpur Sadder (0923631023, 03119884588), K.P.K, Pakistan.

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