It is a fluid produced by glands in the cervix, composed of water and mucin glycoproteins. It plays a role in protecting the uterine environment from infection and facilitating sperm passage during intercourse. Its appearance and texture are influenced by hormones, particularly estrogen and progesterone
During ovulation, rising estrogen causes an increase in cervical mucus. At the peak of your fertility, your cervical mucus may be stretchy and “egg white”-like in texture.
When it comes to monitoring your fertility, your body is the most important resource. For women, your cervical mucus can provide important information about your cycles and reproductive health. If you are trying to calculate your ovulation window, keeping track of the qualities of your cervical mucus is a vital step in better understanding your menstrual cycle.
Cervical mucus is fluid in the vagina that helps the sperm travel to the egg during fertilization. Because of this, the appearance and consistency fluctuate throughout the month — and affect the chances of getting pregnant at a given time.
Tracking your cervical mucus is a viable fertility awareness method. When done correctly, studies show that it is a very effective way to predict ovulation — and recognize when the window has passed.
For women who are trying to avoid getting pregnant, it is important to understand what your cervical mucus looks like during and after ovulation, along with the other signs and symptoms of your fertile window.
This method of tracking can be effective for avoiding pregnancy as well as trying to conceive. It is recommended that you track your cervical mucus changes for at least one full menstrual cycle and consult with your physician before considering using cervical mucus tracking as a form of birth control.
Signs and symptoms of ovulation
Ovulation is the phase of the menstrual cycle in which a mature egg is released from the ovaries and into the fallopian tubes — where it can be fertilized by incoming sperm. Typically, about two weeks after menstruation begins, a woman will release one egg per month.
There are several signs and symptoms that can point to ovulation:
Changes in cervical mucus
Research shows that observing changes in cervical mucus is one of the most effective ways to track ovulation and your current place in the menstrual cycle. 
During ovulation, rising estrogen causes an increase in cervical mucus. At the peak of your fertility, your cervical mucus may be stretchy and “egg white”-like in texture. During your fertile window, you are producing the largest amount of mucus you will experience during your cycle.
Observing these qualities can be an accurate sign of ovulation, during which you are two to three times more likely to conceive.
After ovulation, your body starts to produce less cervical mucus. During the post-ovulation period of time, the mucus you produce may:
- Appear clouded,
- Have a sticky or tacky consistency,
- Dry up.
If you are not pregnant, your cervical mucus will be dramatically reduced. However, if the egg is fertilized, you will experience an increase in discharge due to the rising hormone levels in the body.
Increased sex drive
During the middle of your menstrual cycle, you may notice a drastic boost in your libido. This is one of the most common signs of ovulation.
Breast soreness
Many women experience tenderness or soreness of the breasts during ovulation. Though it may be subtle, this can be a sign of ovulation — especially when it occurs mid-cycle.
Increased basal body temperature
During ovulation, your body experiences a surge in progesterone, which causes your basal temperature to increase. Your basal body temperature is your lowest body temperature, which is attained during rest and typically measured immediately upon waking. Tracking your morning basal temperature and making a note of increases can help you pinpoint your most fertile days each month.
Pain or aching of ovaries
Some women feel a physical sensation in their ovaries around ovulation, though the sensation varies widely from person to person. You may experience a noticeable ache or twinge of sharp pain. You may experience ovulation sensations as a one-sided backache or cramping — also known as Mittelschmerz.
Other causes of reduced cervical mucus
After ovulation, it is normal for cervical mucus to be reduced or dry up. However, underlying issues can cause cervical mucus to behave in a similar way, such as: 
- Ovulation issues,
- Medicinal side effects,
- Age,
- Unhealthy douching,
- Excessively low BMI,
- Hormonal imbalance.
Recognizing changes in cervical mucus
Tracking your cervical mucus is important not only for conception and birth control — it can be an important indicator of reproductive health. If you notice an unusual change in the amount or qualities of your cervical mucus, always contact your doctor. If your doctor suspects an underlying condition, they may order tests or additional tracking.
Allopathic treatments for dry cervical mucus
If a lady is experiencing a lack of cervical mucus outside of the usual time period after ovulation, the doctor will determine whether it is affecting her fertility. Then, the doctor may prescribe medication that encourages healthy cervical mucus.
Certain allopathic medications and vitamins are available that claim to increase cervical mucus. For example:
Estrogen-Based Treatments (These medications claim to increase estrogen, which can improve cervical mucus quality):
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Vaginal Estrogen:Low-dose estrogen is available as creams, rings, or tablets that are inserted vaginally to replace estrogen and alleviate dryness.
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Ospemifene (Osphena):This is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) taken by mouth to help with symptoms like vaginal dryness and irritation caused by menopause by acting like estrogen in the body.
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Systemic Estrogen Therapy:For women experiencing other menopause symptoms, a doctor may suggest estrogen taken by mouth, patch, or gel to address vaginal dryness.
Over-the-Counter Options
- Guaifenesin (Mucinex): Research suggests that guaifenesin may help thin cervical mucus, potentially improving sperm transport and aiding conception. It is available over-the-counter.
Homeopathic treatment for vaginal dryness
To naturally increase your cervical mucus and treat the root cause of disease and all/maximum sister diseases, Homeopathy has many medicines/remedies proven thousands of times during last seven thousand years of Homeopathic history, for example: 
Argentum Nitricum
Skin brown, tense, and hard. Drawing in skin, dried albuminous substance, withered and dried up. Irregular blotches. Vaginal dryness. Menopause. Leucorrhea. Urethra inflamed, with pain, burning, itching.
Bryonia Alba
Acts on all serous membranes and the viscera they contain. Aching in every muscle – stitching, tearing. Mucous membranes are all dry, hot and painful. Seborrhea. Hair very greasy. Vaginal dryness. Manses too early, too profuse tearing pains; suppressed, with vicarious discharge or splitting headache. Stitching pains in ovaries; very sensitive to touch. Pain in breasts at menstrual period. Breasts hot and painful hard, abscess. Intermenstrual pain, with great abdominal and pelvic soreness.
Hamamelis Virginiana
Ovarian congestion and neuralgia; very sore. Vaginal dryness. Vagina very tender. Vicarious menstruation. Uterine hemorrhage, bearing-down pain in back. Manses dark, profuse, with soreness in abdomen. Metrorrhagia, occurring midway between menstrual periods. Intermenstrual pain. Profuse leucorrhea. Vulva itches. Milk-leg, hemorrhoids, and sore nipples, after confinement. Vaginismus, ovaritis, soreness over whole abdomen. Phlegmasia alba. Venous congestion, hemorrhages, varicose veins, and hemorrhoids, with bruised soreness. Varicose veins and ulcers; very sore.
Acts upon the coats of the veins causing relaxation with consequent engorgement. Great value in open, painful wounds, with weakness from loss of blood. Bluish chilblains. Phlebitis. Purpura. Traumatic inflammations.
Stannum Metalicum
Bearing-down sensation. Prolapsus, with weak, sinking feeling in stomach. Manses early and profuse. Pain in vagina, upward and back to spine. Vaginal dryness. Spasmodic twitching of muscles. Leucorrhea, with great debility. Heat in evening; exhausting night-sweats smelling offensive.
Belladonna
Belladonna acts upon every part of the nervous system. Active congestion, furious excitement, perverted special senses, twitching, convulsions and pain. Marked action on the vascular system, skin and glands. Hot, red skin, flushed face, glaring eyes, throbbing carotids, excited mental state, hyperesthesia of all senses, delirium, restless sleep, convulsive movements, dryness of mouth and throat, vaginal dryness and heat, swollen, sensitive; burns scarlet, smooth, neuralgic pains that come and go suddenly. Heat, redness, throbbing and burning. Sensitive forcing downwards, as if all the viscera would protrude at genitals. Manses increased, bright red, too early, too profuse. Mastitis pain, throbbing, redness, streaks radiate from nipple. Breasts feel heavy; are hard and red. Tumors of breast, pain. Indurations after inflammations.
Bellis Perennis
It acts upon the muscular fibers of the blood-vessels. Much muscular soreness. Lameness. Venous congestion, varicose. Medicine of choice in injuries to the deeper tissues, injuries to nerves with intense soreness and intolerance of water. Vaginal dryness. Breasts and uterus engorged. Varicose veins. Muscles lame. Uterus feels sore. Boils. Ecchymosis, swelling, very sensitive to touch. Exudations and swellings. Acne.
Traumatism of the pelvic organs, auto-traumatism; ill effects from masturbation. Sore, bruised feeling in the pelvic region. Exudations, stasis, swelling.
Ferrum Phosphoricum
The medicine for first stage of all febrile disturbances and inflammations before exudation sets in. Manses every three weeks, with bearing-down sensation and pain on top of head. Vaginismus. Vaginal dryness, vagina hot. Anemic with the false plethora and easy flushing of blood.
Aconite Napellus
A best anti-inflammatory medicine. Anxiety; anguish of mind and body. Physical and mental restlessness, fright. Acute, sudden, and violent invasion, with fever, call for it. Does not want to be touched. Vaginal dryness, spasms.
Sulphur
Pudenda itches. Vagina burns. Offensive perspiration. Manses too late, short, scanty, and difficult; thick, black, acrid, making parts sore. Leucorrhea, burning, excoriating. Nipples cracked, smart and burn. Vaginal dryness: vagina dry, scaly, unhealthy; every little injury suppurates. Freckles. Itching, burning; worse scratching and washing. Pimply eruption, pustules, rhagades, hangnails. Excoriation. Infections after local medication. Pruritus.
Ammonium Carbonicum
Itching, swelling and burning of pudendum. Leucorrhea burning, acrid, watery. Vaginal dryness. Aversion to the other sex. Manses too frequent, profuse, early, copious, clotted, black; colicky pains, and hard, difficult stool, with fatigue, especially of thighs; yawning and chilliness. Violent itching and burning blisters. Scarlet rash. Miliary rash. Malignant scarlatina. Faintly developed eruptions from defective vitality. Erysipelas in the aged, with brain symptoms. Eczema in the bends of extremities, between legs, about anus and genitals.
Ferrum Iodatum
On sitting, feeling as if something pressed upward in vagina, bearing down sensations. Retroversion and prolapse of uterus. Leucorrhea like boiled starch. Manses suppressed or scanty. Itching and soreness of vulva and vagina. Vaginal dryness. Scrofulous affections, glandular enlargements, and tumors. Vaginal dryness. Crops of boils. Acute nephritis following eruptive diseases. Uterine displacements. Body emaciated Anemia Exophthalmic goiter following suppression of menses.
Pulsatilla Pratensis
Most effective Homeopathic medicines for hormone imbalance. Pulsatilla should be advised if periods are irregular, suppressed, scanty and very painful. Vaginal dryness. Acne from hormonal or menstrual irregularities may appear. Labour pains, Spasmodic pains, hysterical spasms; Suppression of menses
Sepia officianalis
Sepia is another most effective Homeopathic medicine for hormone imbalance leading to PCOS with irregular periods. Along with menstrual troubles, complaints of facial hair and infertility from PCOS, flushes, tiredness, indifferent toward life and/or family, mood swings, irritable, irritable mood appears a few days before periods, bearing down sensation (in the pelvic region, uterine/internal organs), vaginal dryness (may lead to aversion to sex) etc.
Lachesis
Lachesis is indicated where marked hot flushes appear from hormonal imbalance during menopause, flashes of heat all day, and cold flashes on retiring at night. Hysteria, Pains from ovaries to uterus. Vagina dryness. Depression with aversion to meeting people and loss of interest in routine work, complaint of headache in such cases.
Ignatia Amara
Mood swings, emotional imbalance, depression, sadness and weeping before menses, continuous sad thoughts; still, serious melancholy, with moaning, Sadness and concentrated sorrow. Cramp-like and compressive pains in uterine region, with fits of suffocation; pressure, and lying on the back, mitigate the pain. Vaginal dryness.
Itching in the genital parts, and in the penis, in the evening after lying down especially in the evening, removed by scratching, Lasciviousness, with weakness of genital power (without erections).-Contraction of the penis; it becomes quite small.
Conium Maculatum
Conium is recommended as the most remarkable among Homeopathic medicines for hormone imbalance where breast pain, swelling and tenderness are the main issues arising before periods, Cramps in the uterus, with pinching or contracting, or with digging above the vulva, accompanied by tension in the abdomen, Shootings in the vagina, and sensation as of bearing down, shooting in the labia. Vaginal dryness. Breasts flabby, Inflammation of the mammae, with stitches.
Swelling of the testes, Impotence, insufficient erections, and absence of erections, Easy emission of semen, even without firm erections.
Agnus Castus
Agnus Castus is an effective medicine for hormone imbalance. Diminution of sexual power. The penis is small and flaccid; vagina relaxed, flabby, without sexual desire, vaginal dryness. Itching of the genital organs; Yellow discharges from the urethra. Transparent leucorrhea; parts very relaxed. Leucorrhea spotting pads yellow. Sterility, with suppressed menses, Swelling and inflammation of the uterus.
Caladium
Vaginal dryness. Depression and sadness, despairing sadness; low-spirited, Low spirits and gloomy thoughts. Forgetfulness. Very irritable and depressed, Confused, Organs swollen (puffy), relaxed, and sweating, swelling of vaginal lips. Vagina dry; dotted with still redder points. Itching of external genitals with voluptuousness. Pruritus of vulva and vagina. Vaginal pruritus; with onanism (nymphomania), cramp-like pains in uterus after midnight.
Lycopodium Clavatum
Patient silent, melancholy, and peevish humor; despair of eternal Salvati, desponding, grieving mood, sadness when hearing distant music, desires to be alone. Dropsical swelling of genital organs. Immoderate excitement, or absence of sexual desire. Nymphomania with terrible teasing desire in external organs. Vaginal dryness, chronic vaginal dryness, itching, burning, and gnawing in vulva, shooting pains in labia. Pressure towards the outside, above the vulva, and extending as far as the vagina. Expulsion of wind from the vagina.
Excoriation between the thighs, and at the vulva. Burning pain in the vagina, during and after coition. Catamenia (too early) too profuse, and of too long duration. Catamenia suppressed readily, and for a long time, by fright. Before menses: shivering, sadness, melancholy; bloating of the abdomen.
During menses: delirium, with tears; headache; sourness in the mouth; pain in loins; swelling of feet; fainting; vomiting and pains in the back. Menstruation too late; lasts too long; sometimes suppression of; profuse, protracted; flow partly black, clotted, partly bright red or partly serum; with labor-like pains followed by swooning; with sadness; suppressed by fright. May find females at change of life with one side of the body greatly hypertrophied.
Metrorrhagia; at menopause; dark blood with large clots. A rumbling begins in upper abdomen and descends to lower, when a flow of blood follows, and so on successively.
Leucorrhea – milky, yellowish, reddish, and corrosive; sometimes preceded by cuttings in abdomen. Varices on the genitals. Disposition to miscarriages. Swelling of the breasts with nodosities. Excoriation and moist scabs on nipples. Stinging in nipples. Milk in breasts without being pregnant.
Nuphar Luteum
Nuphar Luteum is one of the most useful Homeopathic medicines for hormone imbalance. Excessive moral sensibility, involuntary emissions during stool and urination. Vaginal dryness. Vagina retracted, relaxed. Diminution of lascivious thoughts and desires for some days; opposite effect during succeeding days.
Acid Phos and Selenium
Helpful homeopathic medicines from hormone imbalance causing hair loss in men and women are Acid Phos and Selenium. Acid Phos is very effective among Homeopathic medicines for hormone imbalance where it leads to hair loss from the scalp, whiskers and genitals. Disposition to weep. Weakness and fatigue, restlessness and precipitation. Silent (sadness) peevishness and aversion to conversation. Indifference, complete indifference to everything; not a sonorous, delirious, or irritable condition, but simply an indifferent state of mind to all things; patient does not want anything, nor to speak, shows no interest.
Oophoritis, metritis, or prolapsus from debilitating or emotional influences; amenorrhea. Very irritable uterus. Uterine and/or vaginal ulcers, with copious, putrid, bloody discharge, itching or corroding pain, or no pain. Hepatic pains during menses, menses too early and too long; too copious; too late; dark clotted; preceded by leucorrhea, and for one or two days by griping and rumbling in abdomen. Yellowish, itching leucorrhea after menses. Vaginal dryness. Distension of uterus as by gas, Itching pricking like fleabites between mammae.
Calcarea Carbonicum
Calcarea Carbonicum, a well indicated Homeopathic medicines for hormone imbalance from under-functional thyroid gland (hypothyroidism).
Melancholy, dejection, and sadness. Disposition to weep, even about trifles. Vexation and lamentation, on account of old offences. Anxiety and anguish, excited by fancies, or frightful stories, Sadness, with heaviness in the limbs, shuddering and dread during the twilight, or at night, sensitivity to cold air is well marked, Excessive ill-humor and mischievous inclination, with obstinacy and a disposition to take everything in bad part. Indifference, apathy.
Catamenia premature and too copious. Sterility, with catamenia too early, and too profuse, mammae swollen and painful, fatigue, headache, disposition to be frightened, colic, and shivering.
Dryness of vagina. Shootings in the orifice of the matrix, and pressive pain in the vagina. Prolapsus uteri, with pressure on the parts. Itching in the womb. Inflammation and swelling of the womb, with redness, purulent discharge, and burning pain. Varices in the labia majora. Leucorrhea before the catamenia, Leucorrhea, with burning itching, or else like milk, flowing by fits, and during the emission of urine.
Iodum
Iodum, a Homeopathic medicine for hormone imbalance from a hyperactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) and should be selected in case of major weight loss in spite of eating well. Along with losing flesh, complains of heated sensation in body, restlessness, nervousness and anxiety, Lachrymose disposition and mental dejection. Melancholy hypochondriasis, sadness, heartache, and anxiety.
Fear: shuns persons, anxious apprehensions, restless agitation (with inclination to move about), which will neither permit the patient to remain seated, nor to sleep. Irresistible impulse to run; feels she will fall if she walks. Cross, irascible, peevish. Heart palpitates “like lightning” when thinking of real or imaginary wrongs. Sudden maniacal impulses; to murder. Excessive mental excitement, with great susceptibility. Illusions of moral feeling. Loquacity and immoderate gaiety.
Catamenia at one time too late, at another too early. Manses premature, violent and copious. Metrorrhagia. Vaginal dryness. Atrophy of ovaries and breasts, with sterility. Pain (dull, pressing, wedge-like) commencing in right ovary passing down broad ligament to uterus. Great sensitiveness of ovarian region during or after menses. Inflammation of ovaries with an itching eruption on head and hands following application of Iodine to os uteri.
Chronic oophoritis with thick, yellow, burning leucorrhea, worse after eating. Pain in lower abdomen, pain ovarian region worse by motion and by eating. Induration and swelling (cancer?) of the uterus. Uterine hemorrhage renewed after every stool. Leucorrhea, corroding the limbs and the linen; acrid; profuse; worse at time of menses. Flaccidity and atrophy of the breasts. Mammary hyperesthesia. Bluish red nodosities (in both breasts); dry, black points at tips. Galactorrhea; thin, watery milk; weakness; emaciation, breasts atrophied and relaxed.
Fagopyrum Esculentum
Visible pulsation of arteries. Pain around heart. Throbbing in all arteries. Pulse irregular, intermittent, rapid. Fluent coryza. Offensive excretions. Itching erythema. Pruritus senilis. Post-nasal catarrh. Inability to study or remember. Depressed and irritable. Itching of eyes and ears. Pains deep in head. Itching in and around eyes and ears. Head hot, better bending backward, with tired neck. Occipital headache. Bursting pains. Cerebral hyperemia. Pruritus vulvae, with yellow leucorrhea. Vaginal dryness. Burning in ovaries.
Natrum Muriaticum
Depressed, nervous and irritable nature suffering from thyroid hormone imbalance. Weight loss, emaciation, markedly on the neck, Weakness, tachycardia and bradycardia. Natrum Mur is equally effective in regulating the menstrual cycle disturbed by thyroid hormone imbalance in women.
Pressure and general bearing down towards genital organs every morning; has to sit down to prevent prolapsus. Prolapsus uteri with aching in loins worse when lying on back; cutting in urethra after micturition. Catamenia premature and profuse; or retarded and scanty. Sterility, with too early and too profuse menstruation. Prolonged catamenia, suppression of catamenia.
Difficulty in appearance of first menses, sadness, cramps in abdomen. Spitting blood at menstrual nisus; bloody saliva. Itching in genital organs. Repugnance to coition. 
Coition painful from reginal dryness; burning smarting during, acidic – greenish leucorrhea; in anemic women with dry mouth and dry skin. Leucorrhea, with headache, disposition to diarrhea, colic, and mucous evacuations. Acrid (greenish) leucorrhea (increased discharge when walking), with yellow color of face. Abundant discharge of transparent, whitish, and thick mucus from vagina.
Uvulitis with falling off of hair. Itching of external parts with falling off of hair. Pimples on mons veneris. Stitches beneath nipples, breasts sensitive to slightest touch.
P. S: This article is only for doctors and students having good knowledge about Homeopathy and allopathy.
For proper consultation and treatment, please visit our clinic.
Dr. Sayyad Qaisar Ahmed (MD {Ukraine}, DHMS), Abdominal Surgeries, Oncological surgeries, Gastroenterologist, Specialist Homeopathic Medicines.
Senior research officer at Dnepropetrovsk state medical academy Ukraine.
Location: Al-Haytham clinic, Umer Farooq Chowk Risalpur Sadder (0923631023, 03119884588), K.P.K, Pakistan.
Find more about Dr Sayed Qaisar Ahmed at:
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